substantiated the Zetelic Astronomy theory, stating that the earth could not possibly be round. Curvature and refraction cancel each other out and the earth appears flat. A visually-seen bump in the line would indicate the curvature of the earth between the two end points Assuming the measurement is taken close to the surface, the light rays can curve downward at a rate equal to the mean curvature of the surface of the earth. A pole was set in the approximate middle between the end points of the line. He set the sight line approximately 13 feet above the water to reduce the effects of atmospheric refraction. Using this, Rowbotham concluded that water is not convex and the earth’s surface is not curved like the Round Earth principle (mathematically) predicts. Samuel Birley Rowbotham provided his easily-replicated experimental Flat Earth evidence, the Bedford Level Experiment that only requires access to a long body of standing water and some trigonometry. Get yourself a lake and prove the Earth is flat. More archived writings may be accessed at The Flat Earth Society Library’s Pamphlets and Journals Collection. Astronaut photos from space showing the curvature of the earth behind the astronaut in the picture, as well as weather systems across the plane, are distortions and show the astronauts fly in established orbits across the known portion of Earth, “which is unending as the Creator has stated.” More modern Plane Truth theory (1966) remains based in Rowbotham’s biblical argument. Not a single expression is used from the beginning of the inspired book to the end, suggestive of the idea that the earth is a planet, or, suggesting that the earth is anything else than a stationary plane.” He further describes the continents as interconnected by means of floating on top of a layer of ocean. The words “round” or ‘‘globe” or “sphere” are never once applied to it. Lawson pamphlet ( Earth Not A Globe But Positively A Plane) begins by saying, “According to the book of Revelation, the word “world” is used more than 260 times in the Bible, and the word “earth” 850 times. science debate of the time (Draper and White) concurred with Irving’s Flat Earth belief regardless of emerging Round Earth studies in the Middle Ages, as well as the oversimplification of the science/religion debate.Īn 1890 John T. He believed Christopher Columbus did what he had to do to, and said what he had to say, to get his exploration and new world voyage sponsored. One of the first proponents of the Flat Earth theory was American writer Washington Irving. Forums encourage open debate and other archived Flat Earth literature from the Society’s extensive library is available.
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The IFERS still promotes independent free thought and provokes discussion of Rowbotham’s Flat Earth theory today. In 1956, Samuel Shenton (a direct descendant of the Universal Zetetic Society) established today’s International Flat Earth Research Society (IFERS), also known as the Flat Earth Society. His views were based on biblical text and that the world is “never-ending.” This DOES NOT mean the Earth is two-dimensionally flat! Rowbotham developed his system of Zetelic Astronomy. The International Flat Earth Society was originally formed in the early 1800s by British inventor, Dr. It is widely observed that, “ flat-eathers are more adamant that the Earth is flat than most people are that the Earth is round.” The theory, or pseudoscience, that the earth is flat remains one of the longest and more robustly-held beliefs, which is substantiated by practical, if not philosophical, argument. However, it is concluded that flat earth theorists are not necessarily conspiracy theorists, but rather pseudo-scientists. There is no shortage of conspiracy theories. 10 Thing You Should Know about the Flat Earth Society
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